O'Malley et al. (1985) define the Metacognitive strategies as 'involve thinking about the learning
process, planning for learning, monitoring of comprehension or production
while it is taking place, and self-evaluation of learning after
the language activity is completed. Cognitive strategies are more
directly related to individual learning tasks and entail direct manipulation
or transformation of the learning materials
O'Malley etal.(1985) list a definition of metacognitive and cognitive strategies as follows:
Metacongnitive Strategies:
Advance Organizers
Directed Attention
Selective Attention
Self-management
Functional Planning
Planning for and rehearsing linguistic components necessary to carry out an upcoming language task
Self-Monitoring
Correcting one’s speech for accuracy inpronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, or for appropriateness related to the setting or to thepeople who are present
Delayed Production
Consciously deciding to postpone speaking
in order to learn initially through listening
comprehension
Self-Evaluation
Checking the outcomes of one’s own language
learning against an internal measure
of completeness and accuracy
COGNITIVE STRATEGIES
Repetition
Resourcing
Translation
Grouping
Note Taking
Deduction*
Recombination”
Imagery
Auditory Representation
Keyword*
J. MICHAEL O’MALLEY;ANNA UHL CHAMOT; GLORIA STEWNER-MANZANARES; ROCCO P. RUSSO; LISA KÜPPER(1985). Learing Strategy Applications with Students of English as a Second Language. TESOL Quarterly. 19:3 pp
process, planning for learning, monitoring of comprehension or production
while it is taking place, and self-evaluation of learning after
the language activity is completed. Cognitive strategies are more
directly related to individual learning tasks and entail direct manipulation
or transformation of the learning materials
O'Malley etal.(1985) list a definition of metacognitive and cognitive strategies as follows:
Metacongnitive Strategies:
in order to learn initially through listening
comprehension
learning against an internal measure
of completeness and accuracy
COGNITIVE STRATEGIES
Translation
Grouping
Note Taking
Deduction*
Recombination”
Imagery
Auditory Representation
Keyword*
J. MICHAEL O’MALLEY;ANNA UHL CHAMOT; GLORIA STEWNER-MANZANARES; ROCCO P. RUSSO; LISA KÜPPER(1985). Learing Strategy Applications with Students of English as a Second Language. TESOL Quarterly. 19:3 pp